@Article{SabaBallPint:2006:NeClLi,
               author = "Saba, Marcelo Magalh{\~a}es Fares and Ballarotti, 
                         Maur{\'{\i}}cio Grade and Pinto Junior, Osmar",
          affiliation = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Divis{\~a}o de 
                         Geof{\'{\i}}sica Espacial (INPE, DGE) and Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais, Divis{\~a}o de Geof{\'{\i}}sica Espacial 
                         (INPE, DGE) and Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 
                         Divis{\~a}o de Geof{\'{\i}}sica Espacial (INPE, DGE)",
                title = "Negative cloud-to-ground lightning properties from high-speed 
                         video observations",
              journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research",
                 year = "2006",
               volume = "111",
               number = "D3",
                pages = "D03101 (9pp)",
                month = "Feb.",
             keywords = "continuing currents, detection network, flashes, discharges, 
                         features, strokes, system.",
             abstract = "From analysis of digital high-speed video records of 233 negative 
                         cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flashes associated with 27 
                         thunderstorms in southeastern Brazil, various lightning properties 
                         have been determined. The analysis of the video records showed 
                         that although 20% of them were single-stroke flashes and the 
                         average number of strokes per flash was 3.8, a significant 
                         variation was observed in these parameters from storm to storm. In 
                         a smaller subset containing 138 flashes, 70 (51%) had multiple 
                         terminations on the ground. As 138 flashes produced 235 different 
                         strike points, the average number of strike points per CG flash 
                         was 1.70. Considering that in this study the missing of strokes is 
                         practically negligible, we can say from the average multiplicity 
                         and from the average number of strike points per flash that each 
                         ground contact point is, on average, struck 2.2 times. The 608 
                         time intervals between strokes of 186 negative multiple- stroke 
                         flashes presented a geometric mean value of 61 ms. Although time 
                         intervals preceding subsequent strokes that create a new 
                         termination tend to be greater than intervals between subsequent 
                         strokes that follow the previously formed channel, the difference 
                         was not statistically significant. A strong positive correlation 
                         between the number of subsequent strokes in a flash and the flash 
                         minimum duration may indicate that some processes concerning the 
                         time requisite for the channel decay and for the positive leader 
                         in the cloud to provide more charges for the next stroke do not 
                         permit multiple strokes to occur under a certain minimum time 
                         duration.",
                  doi = "10.1029/2005JD006415",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006415",
                 issn = "0148-0227 and 2156-2202",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "jgrd12474.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "11 maio 2024"
}